3/8". The thickness of the key is uniform. Woodruff-Sawyer & Co. One of the primary decisions in selecting a primary key is whether to use a UUID or a sequential ID. UUIDDo the woodruff keys we use on the crankshafts do anything other than serve as an alignment tool for the ignition? Basically I want to know if it actually holds it in line, or if the pressure of the flywheel bolt, and the fit of the flywheel on the crankshaft is what actually keeps it from spinning on the crankshaft. Advantages of Using a Woodruff Key Utilizzando un Chiave Woodruff in a crankshaft offers numerosi vantaggi : Connessione sicura : Il Chiave Woodruff provides a secure and reliable connection between the crankshaft and the connected component. My understanding is that one advantage of a Woodruff key is that it avoids a stress concentration in a shaft. Saddle: Basically, there are two types of saddle keys: the flat saddle key and the hollow saddle key. x 3 1/2 in. The advantage of the design of the key is that there are relative axial motions possible between the. This streamlined design allows for easier assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the machinery or engine. Fred Ficarra. Facebook Instagram Linkedin Pinterest Reddit Twitter Youtube HomeWoodruff Keys: Definition, Types, Uses, Sizes, Operation, Material, Working, Applications, Advantages & Disadvantages :- Woodruff can be defined as a semi circular of half moon shaped, partly fitting in a circular segment keyway and. [3] The latter is particularly important for high speed operation. And while stretching the quads (which. The centralized advantages of SDN may be clear but the ROI needs to be clearly-defined if it is to kick legacy infrastructure to the curb. This streamlined design allows for easier assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the machinery or engine. These carbon steel woodruff keys are generally used when access is limited as they easier to remove. The number of employee benefits point solutions has grown rapidly in recent years with an increased focus on mental health and well-being. The fundamental advantage of woodruff keys is that they do not require machining at the shaft shoulders, which reduces stress concentrations at the shaft's end. Advantages of woodruff key : It can be used on the tapered shaft because it can align by slight rotation in the seat. Be careful not to damage the keyway or the key itself. 2. Its bottom circular part is hammered into the shaft and flat part is fixed into hub. Woodruff keys cannot carry the same load as long parallel keys. The woodruff key fits in a half-moon shaped slot, in a shaft, leaving the flat side of the tab exposed. Woodruff key shearing is a common problem in engines. We have researched hundreds of brands and picked the top brands of engine woodruff keys, including boeray, Nisorpa, Glarks, Performance Tool, HaSaoMoi. Length. It affects how we think, feel, act, make choices, and relate to others. Style. See your article appearing on the GeeksforGeeks main page and help other Geeks. You Can Diversify Your Portfolio. The key is in the shape of a section of a circle. This set of Machine Design Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Keys”. (ayton) I've done the non a/c conversion using washers to space over the pulley, and the woodruff key wouldn't fit. Woodruff keys ( source: IndiaMART) The advantage of the Woodruff key is that it can accommodate any taper in the hub keyway, and its captive and depth. Crankshaft Woodruff Key Shearing is a common issue that can occur in engines. Add to Cart . The woodruff key is a key that can be adjusted simply. In a pinch, you can file down an over size one. It is typically used to attach gears, pulleys, and sprockets to a shaft. Woodruff Keys: Definition, Types, Uses, Sizes, Operation, Material, Working, Applications, Advantages & Disadvantages :- Woodruff can be defined as a semi circular of half moon shaped, partly fitting in a circular segment keyway and. Class diagrams are the main building blocks of every object-oriented method. The George W. (Pack of 25) at Walmart and save. 5. To optimize Amazon listings for Woodruff Keys, sellers should focus on providing detailed and accurate product descriptions that highlight the key features and benefits of the product. It is a piece from a cylindrical disc generally of a semi-circle cross-section. Woodruff. IAP Performance AC903111 Alternator/Generator Pulley (Chrome 12 Volt for VW Beetle). S. Size. The shaft contains a key way according to this key. Advantages of Woodruff Keys Woodruff key is a easily adjustable key. All Pick Up in Store Ship to Home Sort By: Compare. 8. The key way is a groove or slot that is machined into the crankshaft to accommodate the woodruff key. [1] The latter is particularly important for high speed operation. A woodruff key is capable of tilting in a recess milled out in the shaft by a cutter having the same curvature as the disc from which the key is made. CAREFUL NOT TO GO INTO THE CRANK. Woodruff key: It is a piece from a cylindrical disc having a segmental cross-section in front view. Aurora, CO. Woodruff keys are semi-circular discs used to connect machine parts to rotating shafts and spindles. Woodruff Keys: The woodruff key is so called because of its manufacturing method. The woodruff key prevents slippage or misalignment, ensuring the proper timing and synchronization of engine parts. Re: woodruff key, alternator , few quick questions. most common cause is probably improper key insertion. The set including 21 kinds of woodruff key to meet different requirements. Woodruff keys can be the most difficult things to remove without resorting to force. File it down to fit, then cut it to length with the hacksaw. Woodruff keys work well near shaft shoulders and on tapered shafts. Step 2: Identify the keyway: Locate the keyway on the crankshaft. These keys are easy to remove and simple to use. How does QuickSort work? The key process in quickSort is a partition(). Loose crankshaft woodruff key. L. A key element of CI management is giving senior officers early notification of incidents that have already escalated, or which are likely to escalate, into a CI. Firstly, Woodruff keys provide a compact and efficient means of connecting rotating components to shafts without the need for additional fasteners or complex mechanisms. Material, heat treatment, hardness or finish is not within the scope of this standard. 5. Dan Burke Senior Vice President, National Cyber Practice Leader Editor, Cyber Notebook. this arbor has a u shaped recess and the arbor end has no slot. A simple mechanical part can reduce manufacturing costs and machine downtime. Types of Woodruff keys. This standard covers nomenclature, definitions, identification number, dimensions and tolerances of Woodruff Keys and Keyseats. Dorman HELP! Woodruff Key -. Firstly, Woodruff keys provide a compact and efficient means of connecting rotating components to shafts without the need for additional fasteners or complex mechanisms. 1884" wide. Most all designs today use a square key just for the economy of it. In an appearance on Foul Territory, Robert Murray …The main objective of FIDO2 is to eliminate the use of passwords over the Internet. Style. Buy products such as Dorman 595-059 Woodruff Key-Width-5/32(. The Woodruff key is simple and easily adjustable. Using Woodruff keys offers several advantages in various applications. 1/8 X 3/4 WOODRUFF KEY Carbon Steel BS46 406 Woodruff Keys Woodruff Keys, BS46 Part 1 1958, Carbon Steel, Whitney & SAE Std 7, BS 1958 ASME Std 406, Woodruff Key Assortments Available. Woodruff keyseat cutters are circular cutting tools made of high-speed steel, used by machinists for cutting seating in shafts for woodruff keys and, in some cases, keyways in fitting parts. The disadvantages are :Advantages of Woodruff Keys: Some of the advantages of woodruff keys are as follows, Woodruff keys are used to reduces the stress concentration and improves the safety of the shaft. Crankshaft Woodruff Key Shearing is a common issue that can occur in engines. However, due to forskellige faktorer såsom. Standard Steel Specialty is the largest customized Woodruff, HyPro, and NonRok key manufacturer made to your material and print specifications. These woodruff keys are part of the Hillman Deep Drawer program. The crescent profile of the key allows it to sit deeper in the shaft, reducing the likelihood of the. Cyber 101: Understand the Basics of Cyber Liability Insurance. Firstly, Woodruff keys provide a compact and efficient means of connecting rotating components to shafts without the need for additional fasteners or complex mechanisms. If a single node has “n” number of keys, then it can have maximum “n+1” child nodes. Parallel keys. ter Chaafering or radiueing Length We t above up to1. These can be used with gears or clutches. Medieval soldiers believed the flower could guarantee success on the battlefield, so they tucked it into their helmets before engaging the enemy. During medieval times, religious leaders would often adorn their churches with the fragrant perennial herb. Premack and Woodruff, 1978; Baron-Cohen. No posts. Fig. Removal method for stuck or damaged woodruff keys using a slide hammer. It is usually used for shafts less than about 60 mm diameter and the keyway is cut in the shaft using a milling cutter. Intermittent fasting can have many benefits for your body and brain. x 1/4 in. Sweet Woodruff (Galium odoratum) is a versatile plant that has numerous uses and benefits. The Woodruff sleutel is a small, semicircular metal piece that fits into een slot on the crankshaft and aligns with een overeenkomstig slot on the timing gear or pulley. 99 to PRECISION at $29. 3/8". Shop for Woodruff Keys in Fasteners. cn. What are the advantages of woodruff keys? Woodruff key stocks may be used over key slots of tapered shafts as they can get aligned via slight rotation in their seat. thick x 1-1/8 in. With the square being the most common. This streamlined design allows for easier assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the machinery or engine. Pry off the pulley. The more exact fit of the key and keyway also reduces play, and stress concentrations in, and improves the reliability of. Woodruff Keys have a disadvantage. Over the past decade, representations and warranties insurance (RWI or R&W) has become an established tool in the merger and acquisition (M&A) toolbox for both private equity and strategic buyers. This streamlined design allows for easier assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the machinery or engine. works by fitting into a keyway on a shaft and component, creating. Even though the redundancy of the Second Normal Form is less as compared to the First Normal Form, it is still possible to have update anomalies. For your convenience, parts from this product range can also be found in our PDF catalogue: Keysteel Parts from the. Remember, if you encounter Woodruff key shearing in your engine, it is crucial to address problém urychleně zabránit další poškození. It combines features of private and public key cryptography. Square key stock is much better than a woodruff key ;-) Oh! The Woodruff key is a small, semicircular metal piece that fits into a slot on Crankshaft Woodruff Key Shearing is a common issue that can occur in engines. Woodruff key is a semi-circular disc & fits into circulars recess in the shaft, which is machined by Woodruffs keyway cutter. This keyway in the hub is made in the usual manner. Designation of a Woodruff key of width b 8 and height b 11 n: woodruff key 8 x 11 6888 Cross—section of Width b h9 Woodruff key (Half— round steel Ing to DIN Height h 10 13 32 - 0. thru 3/4 in. The disadvantages of the Woodruff keys are as follows :-. Woodruff trick is a semi-circular disc & & suits advertisements recess in the shaft, which is machined by Woodruffs keyway cutter. Location. The Nisorpa woodruff keys can be used in many ways. Using a Woodruff key in a crankshaft offers several advantages: Secure Connection : The Woodruff key provides a secure and reliable connection between the crankshaft and the. This article explores the different types of saddle keys, their uses, advantages, and disadvantages, shedding light on their. You'll need to be far more specific. , or improper installation, leading to key failure and. Our Woodruff Keys are available in Carbon Steel or Stainless Steel ask our sales office for a quote or login with your B2B account today to save upto an additional 5% order value dependant. Je a small, half-moon-shaped metal key to zapadá do slot on the crankshaft and aligns with a corresponding slot on the timing gear or pulley. Woodruff key is one of the most famous, semi circular shaft key which is used to attach gear, pully, hubs, wheels or other component to rotating shaft. Identified Q&As 48. A woodruff key is capable of tilting in a recess milled out in the shaft by a cutter having the same curvature as the disc from which the key is made. The same taper is given at the bottom of the Key-way of the hub. Feather Keys; Advantages of. Firstly, Woodruff keys provide a compact and efficient means of connecting rotating components to shafts without the need for additional fasteners or complex mechanisms. We Also Offer Woodruff Key Assortments for Shops, Garages, & Fleets. PGP encryption uses a mix of data compression, hashing, and public-key cryptography. A feather key is a parallel key, which is fixed to the shaft or to the hub and which permits relative axial movement between them. 10 Best Woodruff Keys 2023: My Experience & Review Hi there! My name is Lily Monroe, and. Get Latest Price. 50. Firstly, Woodruff keys provide a compact and efficient means of connecting rotating components to shafts without the need for additional fasteners or complex mechanisms. which undermines the benefits of Python readability. This streamlined design allows for easier assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the machinery or engine. 392. Here’s detailing the major benefits or value adds SAP S/4 HANA provides for customers: Simplification: SAP S/4HANA brings about immense simplification to the management and administration of the IT landscape – in fact, simplicity is one of the key features SAP has brought in to its ECC application structure. These semicircular keys when set in place leave a flat end protruding. Because they're usually shorter than. UML is standardized in class diagrams. So how old a machinist handbook would I need to find it?Using Woodruff keys offers several advantages in various applications. 2). We have gained a great amount of acceptance as a woodruff keys manufacturer, supplier & exporter in Ahmedabad, India. Advantages of woodruff key : It can be used on the tapered shaft because it can align by slight rotation in the seat. Round Keys The round keys, as shown in Fig. 5-7. Abstract. 2 X 3. 2 16 45 12 19 - + n 19 n 25 28 - 0. 2 a What is the main disadvantage of using a woodruff key on a parallel sided from MECH 2400 at The University of Sydney. Firstly, Woodruff keys provide a compact and efficient means of connecting rotating components to shafts without the need for additional fasteners or complex mechanisms. Follow the instructions step by step, you may do this without difficulty. D&O expert Priya Cherian Huskins reveals recent changes in corporate law that can reduce expensive litigation, and how you can take advantage of them. " If that formula works for you, then by all means, do it. As a result, splined shafts are increasingly becoming preferred over keyed shafts for most applications. Woodruff keys measure 1/8 in. Dimensions shown are in Inches and mm, if you wish to convert them, please use. values(): print(f) 5 1 2 1 Frequency Tables. Il suo scopo è prevenire l'ingranaggio or pulley from rotating on the shaft. e. It is a data structure technique used to locate and quickly access data in databases. If you have questions about these feel free to give us a call on +44 (0)1384 634461. Today - when screen-time of consumers is at an all-time high - the best place to meet them is: on the Internet. It accommodates itself to any taper in the hub or boss of the mating. The keyway is a semi-circular pocket set into the shaft. Quantity: 80. What are the advantages of using Woodruff keys? Using Woodruff keys offers several advantages in various applications. In 3DES, the DES algorithm is run through three times with three keys; however, it is only considered secure if three separate keys are used. It represents manufacturing practices for sizes and types from 1/16 in. A semi-circular pocket is a keyway in the shaft, the mating part is a longitudinal slot. Tokamak Energy and Khalifa University to present key advantages of fusion technologies in Abu Dhabi ahead of COP28 - Tokamak EnergyIt fits in a half-moon shaped slot, in a shaft, leaving the flat side of the tab exposed. A woodruff keys are perfect for high. It is usually used for shafts less than about 60 mm diameter and the keyway is cut in the shaft using a milling cutter. Metric - 1. It can provide more precise fit while reducing movement in the key seat. Your account / Purchase orders. Maybe file the end to smooth it out a little and deburr it. Woodruff Key Set, Metal Woodruff Keys Assortment Kit, Different Sizes Fasteners for Mechanical Industry 80-Piece $12. Set screws and pins can also work as an alternative to the keyed joint. As long as its tight it will hold. 3. Saddle Keys. Ideal for use in motor and automotive applications, these durable keys will provide reliable performance for years to come. If the key doesn't budge try holding the punch at right angle to the shaft. Doc Preview. Firstly, Woodruff keys provide a compact and efficient means of connecting rotating components to shafts without the need for additional fasteners or complex mechanisms. The middle portion of the key has a gap to fit the hub. The Engine Crankshaft Woodruff Key is a small but crucial component in an engine’s crankshaft assembly. All woodruff keys I've ever used had to be ground to fit. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. Work Shop Buddy Machinery Key Metric Grab Kit (3 x 20mm - 6 x 40mm), 6. This streamlined design allows for easier assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the machinery or engine. In an interview with Robert Pearl, MD, CEO of The Permanente Medical Group, he stated. Using Woodruff keys offers several advantages in various applications. Parallel Sinking Keys #4. 2-1967 (R1998) - Engineers Edge. 2nd key too large (sometimes replacement keys are slightly too large and need to filed a bit for proper fit) the key when used for crank & flywheel is for indexing so that the flywheel is matched in position to the. Work Shop Buddy Woodruff Key Metric Grab Kit (3 x 5 x 13 - 6 x 9 x 22m. Advantages and disadvantages of keys and keyways (keyed joints) Advantages: Below are the. Should I try to fit key with epoxy, JB Weld or something or leave as is and set timing. Full Radius woodruff key; Flat Bottom Woodruff Key; Hi-Pro Keys; Advantages of Woodruff Keys. See the Picture of how the Woodruff key in an actual position. Using Woodruff keys offers several advantages in various applications. 2 + 0. Language. Woodruff keys measure 5/16 in. These Woodruff keys can automatically adapt to the slope requirement. Imperial - 1/6" x 1/4" - 3/4" x 3. Using Woodruff keys offers several advantages in various applications. The lower costs of running an e-commerce store versus a physical store translate to cost savings for the consumer. Woodruff key; I. Sweet woodruff can cause headaches, dizziness, blackouts, and possibly liver damage when used long-term or in large amounts. The key does not permit axial movement between the shaft and the hub. Each Nisorpa woodruff key set includes 8 kinds of size and each size has 10 keys which can absolutely meet your needs. Thus it works like a safety device. It’s beneficial to know when and how to pick the. Mate a shaft or part with a semi-circular cutout to another part with a longitudinal slot cutout. $ 7. This streamlined design allows for easier assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the machinery or engine. And, for the first time in at least seven years, the undergraduate class also includes three Martin Luther King Jr. Emory University is a nationally ranked No. Advantage: More precise fit of the key and also reduces keyway play and stress concentrations, and improves the reliability of the key. All our Woodruff Keys are constructed of high-quality materials for long-lasting durability. Woodruff key is essential for operating high speed. The hollow saddle key is a taper key that fits in a keyway in the hub. 5. Managing social isolation, loneliness, stress, depression, and mood through medical and self-care is key to healthy aging. 2. This allows the key to withstand great strain and is not prone to rolling over in the key seat like ordinary machine keys. , Length-5/8(. Mutual funds come with many advantages, such as advanced portfolio management, dividend reinvestment, risk reduction, convenience, and fair pricing. Woodruff keys are semicircular shaped, such that, when installed, leave a protruding tab. overall culture is rated C- based on 84 ratings from 9 Woodruff-Sawyer & Co. 9. To DIN 6888. This streamlined design allows for easier assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the machinery or engine. The materials of Woodruff keys like keysteel and stainless steel can be ordered online but they can be found made of other materials such as Aluminum. It is a piece from a cylindrical disc having segmental cross-section in front view as shown in Figure 6. However, Woodruff Keys are difficult to install. Woodruff keys are relatively short and cannot carry the same load as longer keys, and hence are used mostly in light-duty applications and mounting taper-bored components onto tapered shaft ends. 3/16 X 3/4 WOODRUFF KEY Carbon Steel BS46 606 Woodruff Keys Woodruff Keys, BS46 Part 1 1958, Carbon Steel, Whitney & SAE Std 9, BS 1958 ASME Std 606, Woodruff Key Assortments Available. The woodruff. 3 Feather Key. 4. You can buy the Woodruff key at Sears but 65691 is no longer available. – Item 67584. 6 - 10mm x 16mm. . thru 3/4 in. 1250. The keyway is a semi-circular pocket set into the shaft. 135 Pcs Woodruff Key,21 Kinds of Woodruff Key Assortment Kit,Half Moon Gear Shaft Drive Flywheel Key Pulley Crank Fasteners,Automatically Adapt Slope Requirement,Long Service Life and Durability 4. The key to successful marketing has always been about connecting with the target audience in the right place, at the right time. A diversified portfolio lowers the risk of a total loss. The 26 bright minds arriving at Emory University’s Atlanta and Oxford campuses this fall as the Emory Woodruff Scholars Class of 2025 come from as far away as the former Soviet Republic and three countries in eastern Africa. Conveniently packaged in a variety of piece counts to assist with both small and large projects. Machine Design Questions and Answers – Keys. Hi-pro keys are similar to Woodruff keys, but lock into place. The shaft may be parallel or tapered, showing the method of dimensioning shafts for the Woodruff key where the depths of the recess from the outsides of the shaft are given, in addition to Splined Shafts from Grob, Inc. Metric - 1. Business. Application: Woodruff is commonly used in machine tools, for example, between the flywheel and crankshaft of a small internal combustion engine, where the drive depends largely on the fit between the. This type of key tends to have a lesser shear strength than compared to that of a rectangular or square key. Place a pry bar or a large screwdriver behind the pulley, if there is a surface behind it to use as leverage. Wide range of sizes, material and finish available. A more precise fit between the key and the keyway also reduces play and stress concentrations and makes the key more reliable. Woodruff key shearing is a common problem in engines. Used both internally and topically, this herb has been taken for symptoms of intestinal discomfort, abdominal cramps, headaches, migraines, and varicose veins. It is widely used in machine tools and automobiles due to the extra advantage derived from the. If the key won’t budge, use a pair of needle-nose pliers or a small pry bar to wiggle it loose. The Hillman Woodruff Key is a semi-circular keys that is commonly used for mechanical applications. thick x 1 in. All dimensions are given in inches. This hub is capable of accommodating any taper in the keyway, This is a more precise fit of the key and also reduces keyway play and stress concentrations, and improves the. Woodruff keys are semi-circular components that can withstand great strain. It consists of a semicircular key seat on the shaft surface which holds the key. Using Woodruff keys offers several advantages in various applications. A woodruff key is a half-moon shaped key used to secure a rotating component to a shaft. A2 Grade 303/304 Stainless Steel A4 Grade 316 Stainless Steel. Its bottom circular part is hammered into the shaft and flat part is fixed into hub. 8373 posts · Joined 2006. Woodruff Key. One of the advantages of a woodruff key in particular is that the keyway can be easily cut in a tapered shaft whereas a straight keyway cannot be as conveniently cut. Attributes. 1 1967 for a. In Stock. The rectangular key is most common in either very small or very large shafts. Here, the different advantages of woodruff key are as follows 1. Disadvantages of woodruff key :. Μετάβαση στο περιεχόμενο Securing a belt pulley to a drive shaft often seems like such a routine task, that engineers and mechanics can easily overlook some of the selection and installation factors required. . It is a piece from a cylindrical disc having segmental cross-section in front view as shown in Fig. Regardless of which unit of length you're using, you'll need to measure the following: width, height, and length. A woodruff key is capable of tilting in a recess milled out in the shaft by a cutter having the same curvature as the disc from which the key is made. These keys have a rounded shape that makes them easy to remove when parts need to be taken apart frequently. (d) Woodruff keys. Woodruff keys, also called half-moon keys, are commonly found in machine tools and automotive applications. The best place to start is assessing what your organization and team need to be successful. Published 1 March 1997. Woodruff keys available from stock with same day dispatchwoodruff key is a small, semicircular metal component that fits into a specially-shaped keyway on a shaft. In the case of a crankshaft, the Woodruff key plays a crucial role in ensuring the proper functioning of the engine. Disadvantages of woodruff key : The extra depth of keyways in the shaft increases stress. x 1/4 in. The Woodruff key has some advantages over other types of keys. Woodruff key are able in accommodating taper in hub keyway. R. However. Standard Woodruff key Profiles for shafts with Woodruff keyways. This is done with a simple design solution by using as the securing device a Woodruff key (7), conforming with DIN 6888, which is fitted in a suitably shaped recess (6) in the bottom (3) of the tappet (1). In stock and ready to ship. offset woodruff keys? Thread starter spladle160; Start date Mar 13, 2015; Help Support ArboristSite: spladle160. It can be caused by excessive torque, misalignment, or wear and tear. The main one is that it can be used in places where there is a lot of stress on the shaft and many places where. Firstly, Woodruff keys provide a compact and efficient means of connecting rotating components to shafts without the need for additional fasteners or complex mechanisms. Saddle Key Types, Uses, Advantages, Disadvantages In the realm of mechanical engineering, the saddle key stands out as a crucial component, offering innovative solutions for various applications. This key is largely used in machine tool and. The engine woodruff keys are available for purchase. Round keys are usually considered to be most appropriate for low power drives. The projecting part of the woodruff key fits. Compare that to the national average of 21. Turned And Machined Parts. Size. 10 Benefits Of Real Estate Investing. If knowledge is power, Woodruff is a pretty powerful place. This streamlined design allows for easier assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the machinery or engine. on Shafts & Similar Assemblies. Hi-pro keys are similar to Woodruff keys, but lock into place. booker. A Woodruff Key is a halfmoon shaped machine key that prevents gears, hubs, or other components from moving independently of a rotating shaft or spindle. Dorman offers a comprehensive line of Woodruff Keys for a wide range of applications. Last updated 5 days ago. It. Woodruff key.